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September 11, 2006

A Creative (and Easy) Way to Assign IP Subnets to AD Sites

This seemingly tedious task turned out to be a satisfying project
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SideBar    How the Subnets Macro Works

As a consultant, I’m often brought in as hired help when projects or daily tasks are overwhelming the onsite IT staff. In this role, I sometimes get assigned maintenance or cleanup tasks that initially seem, well, boring. What can make these jobs more interesting is the chance to be creative in accomplishing the chore. When the solution involves writing some nifty code that does the job in minutes, what seemed to be just another tedious assignment turns out to be downright satisfying. This was the case when I was recently asked to look into a Netlogon warning that was showing up on all the domain controllers (DCs) in a fairly large corporation. This warning was accompanied by spotty complaints of slow logons. Figure 1 shows the important parts of the warning message.

This company has a home office with several thousand users and hundreds of branch offices with hundreds of clients at each branch. Apparently, when the company migrated to Active Directory (AD), only some of the IP subnets in use had been assigned to AD sites. As event 5807 warns, not associating IP subnets to AD sites can lead to clients at one location authenticating to a DC in another location several IP hops away, even though there might be a DC sitting just 10 feet from the client. The Microsoft article “How Domain Controllers Are Located in Windows” (http://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=247811) emphasizes the importance of having subnets associated with AD sites as a client’s primary means of finding an optimal DC with which to communicate. . . .

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